Full Face Snorkel Mask Death

Lifeguards in Maui have begun tracking equipment worn by snorkelers who drown in their jurisdiction and other counties appear poised to do the same.

A state water safety committee on Wednesday heard poignant testimony from the husband of a California woman who drowned off the Big Island last year while wearing a new type of snorkel mask that he thinks may have contributed to her death.

On Wednesday, in a boardroom at the Hawaii Convention Center, Guy Cooper took a deep breath and regained his composure before continuing the story of how his wife drowned in September while snorkeling off the Big Island.

 The Hawaii Drowning and Aquatic Injury Prevention Advisory Committee, a group of ocean safety experts, state and county officials, tourism industry leaders and others, put Cooper on its agenda after he raised concerns about the role of the full-face snorkeling mask his wife had been wearing. The committee is now co-chaired by Gerald Kosaki, a Hawaii County Fire Department battalion chief who oversees ocean safety, and Ralph Goto, retired administrator of Honolulu’s Ocean Safety and Lifeguard Services Division. 

 

“On one hand you have an activity rife with significant physical demands, then you exacerbate the situation by adding a new piece of inadequately vetted equipment with inherent design flaws,” Cooper said. “A perfect storm.”

Guy Cooper displays a full-face snorkeling mask like the one his wife was wearing when she drowned.

The 68-year-old retired nurse from Martinez, California, has also complained about significant gaps in data collection by government agencies.

He’s calling for a database that logs information about the equipment worn in each drowning so authorities can analyze it for dangerous trends, much the same way that the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration collects data to determine if a particular type of airbag is faulty in fatal car crashes.

He isn’t sure the Azorro mask his wife, Nancy Peacock, 70, bought on Amazon is the culprit. But he isn’t sure it’s not either.

And that’s why Cooper, and now a growing list of health and ocean safety officials in Hawaii, are looking at collecting the data necessary to better evaluate the product and possibly even conduct controlled scientific studies on it.

Some people who have tried the full-face masks, a next-era design in snorkeling, have complained that they leak and are difficult to remove quickly because of the heavier straps. Some have cited the potential for carbon dioxide to build up and cause fainting.

Cooper said a surfer found his wife floating on her back in Pohoiki Bay with the mask partially pulled up over her nose.

“That tells me she was in trouble and tried to get the damn thing off — too late,” he said.

Colin Yamamoto, Maui County’s Ocean Safety battalion chief, met with Cooper in January.

“What was intriguing to me is we have no data on these,” Yamamoto said. “It’s something we never thought about.”

Yamamoto has directed Maui County lifeguards to start documenting what type of snorkeling equipment was used in drownings.

Fire officials from the other counties are also moving in that direction.

“Maybe we can start individually with each jurisdiction keeping track of that,” Kosaki told the advisory committee. “We can’t make a policy saying, ‘yeah, we’re all going to keep track of it now,’ but I think each individual jurisdiction can make their own policy or procedures or try to keep a database.”

Hawaii County Battalion Chief Gerald Kosaki and officials from other counties have been receptive to Guy Cooper’s concerns about the policies for drowning incidents.

Kauai Ocean Safety Supervisor Kalani Vierra said the type of snorkeling equipment worn in a drowning is something county lifeguards on the Garden Island can include in their incident reports. He added that he will bring it up at a national conference for lifeguards later this year.

Honolulu Ocean Safety Chief of Operations Kevin Allen noted that in some drownings, the mask sinks to the ocean floor during the rescue and may not be recovered. But he was also open to the idea of tracking such information when it’s available.

Dan Galanis, state epidemiologist, told the committee there were at least 149 snorkeling-related deaths in Hawaii’s waters from 2006 to 2015. Of those, 137 were visitors.

“The reality is we really don’t have the data to say snorkeling is more risky,” he said. “Right now, all we can say is a lot of our visitors die doing it.”

Guy Cooper’s wife, Nancy Peacock, drowned in September at Pohoiki Bay on the Big Island.

Nathan Eagle/Civil Beat

A Civil Beat special project, “Dying For Vacation,” published in January 2016, found Hawaii’s visitor-drowning rate is 13 times the national average and 10 times the rate of Hawaii residents. Local water safety experts have cited Hawaii’s unique ocean conditions, insufficient messaging to caution the public and the health of the individual as contributing factors.

Cooper brought a full-face mask like the one his wife had to the meeting. Advisory committee members passed it around, some some of them seeing this type of mask for the first time and reacting with comments like, “I’d be claustrophobic” and “that’s weird.”

“All I ask is that you give serious consideration to the role of these new masks,” Cooper said. “Devote the resources to collect the data. Incorporate the data in incident reports and databases. Look for trends. Make the coroner aware of their use. Secure the gear as evidence. Only then will you truly be able to assess the risk.”

Cory Lum/Civil Beat

https://youtu.be/aWRgzIKau6w

SCUBA When Older

Close to four decades before that final dive of her life, Charlene Burch was spending the last few days of the 1970s in a small village on the coast of the Honduran island of Roatan.

At night she would write letters to her parents back home in Plantation under the light of a lantern, while by day she and her future husband, Mark Weston, would ride out from the beach aboard a carved-out tree trunk, the tipsiest boat they’d ever been on, to fish and dive in the Caribbean Sea.

Her whole life was ahead of her.

Then came the dive off Jupiter on Jan. 21, 2017. She was surfacing with friends when she said she didn’t feel well.

Unbeknownst to her sister, Elaine Love-Stewart, of Plantation, Charlene had been diagnosed with a heart condition, AFib, or atrial fibrillation — essentially an irregular heartbeat that can lead to complications including heart failure and stroke. Her heart stopped multiple times after the dive. She was revived, but the resulting brain damage was significant, Love-Stewart said.

The end would come several days later in a hospital room surrounded by her family. She was 65.

Her death highlights the challenges arising in what experts say is the increasingly aging pursuit of scuba diving. These issues are especially relevant in the retiree-rich ocean playground of South Florida.

“There will be people who will say, ‘Well, if she had Afib, what was she doing diving, you know?’” said her sister Elaine Love-Stewart, of Plantation. “But this was her life. This was her love.”

Boom times

By the early 1980s, the baby boomers were out of college, working decent jobs and embracing the good life. Interest in scuba diving surged, and the industry enjoyed a popularity that hasn’t been matched before or since, said Tec Clark, associate director for Aquatics and Scuba Diving at Nova Southeastern University.

“This is the generation that grew up watching Lloyd Bridges in ‘Sea Hunt,’” Clark said.

But as the 1980s wore on, those same boomers were getting married and having families and progressing in their careers. With less time for leisure, interest in scuba diving, while still there, began to drop from its peak.

Now, fast forward almost 40 years, and there’s been something of a baby boomerang. The same people behind scuba’s surge in the early to mid 1980s are once again putting their masks and fins back on. The reasons: Retirement. Empty-nest syndrome. Mid-life crises. Major life changes. Discretionary income. An improving economy.

“The downside of them returning is that now they’re returning with some baggage that they didn’t have in the 1980s when they were just getting into scuba diving,” Clark said. “Usually, that baggage is health issues.”

The number one cause of medical-related dive fatalities, Clark noted, are cardiac events.

Statistically, scuba deaths are rare. According to the Divers Alert Network, a leading research and dive-safety organization, there are about 33 million scuba dives in the United States each year, with the fatality rate somewhere around two per 1 million dives. Because there are about 3 million scuba divers in the U.S., with each diver doing about 10 dives a year, the fatality rate works out to about two deaths per 100,000 recreational divers a year.

Experts say that given the inherent risks of diving, these are incredibly encouraging figures. By and large, divers are careful and deliberate. Precautions like diving with a buddy and not panicking no matter what are so baked into the diving culture that they’re not even questioned.

But still, as with all pursuits in life, things can go wrong.

“Diving in general is thought to be an aging sport,” said Peter Buzzacott, director of injury monitoring and prevention at the Divers Alert Network. “The age of the average diving fatality each year has been steadily climbing.”

Young people also scuba dive, but not as much as older divers, experts say. People under 40 don’t have as much time. There is also the cost factor.

Between 2010 and 2013, the Divers Alert Network tallied 561 deaths pertaining to recreational scuba diving. Of those, the organization, which relies on autopsy reports and other public records, was able to investigate 334 deaths.

In 82 percent of the fatalities, the deceased were men. Seventy-eight percent of the men and 90 percent of the women were 40 years old or older. Fifty-eight percent of the male victims and 59 percent of the female fatalities were 50 years or older.

“Drowning remains the most common cause of death but falls to second place behind cardiovascular disease as the leading disabling injury,” according to the DAN Annual Diving Report 2012-2015 Edition.

The network’s most recent annual report, which covers 2014, counted 68 dive fatalities in the U.S. and Canada. Eighty-four percent of the men and 69 percent of the women were 40 years or older. While drowning was the leading known cause of death, cardiac events were the second most-common known cause.

The Villages Scuba Club

At the Jupiter Dive Center, a 40-foot burpee named Republic IV is being loaded with scuba tanks and gear. It’s a perfect February morning in South Florida, with clear-blue skies and a nice breeze.

 The divers on board, members of The Villages Scuba Club, are all over 50. (The Villages is a retirement community northwest of Orlando with a population of over 150,000.)

Don Nelson, 73, one of the members on board, has been diving since 1974, when he was in his early 30s. He then had a “big gap” from 1978 until about 2005 while career and family obligations took over. He’s glad to be back and is co-president of the scuba club.

“When you go into an office and you see an aquarium, you look at it, it calms you,” Nelson said. “It’s even better if you’re in it and part of the aquarium.”

Madeline Helbock, 72, the other co-president of the scuba club, has been diving for 17 years. She said that when the club started in 2001, it had four members. Now they number about 150. On this day trip, there are 11 divers from the club.

“We all work out, we all go to the gym, we all go the doctor’s every six months to make sure that we’re OK,” Helbock said.

After the dive, when the Republic IV is back at the dock and the members of the club are loading their cars for the three-hour drive back to The Villages, the members talk about being divers in their golden years.

“I would say being retired is a big giant part of that,” said Grace Steck, 54, who dives along with husband Gary, 58, both members of the dive club. “In our working day, we wouldn’t have the time to do this, other than a vacation, but now every day is a Saturday for us.”

The Stecks said they work out regularly at the gym and fortunately don’t have any serious health concerns. “That being said, our doctors are definitely aware that we dive,” said Gary, 58.

Jim Taylor, 65, started diving in 1990. “It was just something in me,” he said, explaining how he got interested in scuba diving while living in Ohio. “The ocean spoke to me.”

Charlene Burch Weston, the diver who died off Jupiter, also heard the ocean’s call, and on a recent Saturday she would return there.

A boat stopped near a reef where she liked to dive, and Charlene’s son John poured her ashes into the water while other family members threw flowers and said their farewells, according to Love-Stewart.

For about 15 minutes, the boat circled the site slowly as Charlene Weston’s remains became one with the water she loved so much.

[email protected], 954-254-8533 or Twitter @BrettClarkson_

USS Oriskany

Tourism officials encourage visitors to explore the world’s largest artificial reef—the USS Oriskany.

But tourism officials fail to warn scuba divers that in the worst-case scenario, no hyperbaric facility exists from Pensacola to Jacksonville to treat decompression sickness or the bends, which can be life-threatening.

Local diver, Steve Wells, died Nov. 25 because he allegedly failed to receive treatment in time for the bends, sparking renewed interest in diver safety along the Northwest Florida Gulf Coast. An autopsy is still being conducted to determine the cause of death.

It’s why the Escambia County Marine Advisory Committee held a special meeting Tuesday to discuss diving safety in front of a packed meeting room filled with divers, diving shop and boat charter owners, and medical experts in diving accidents. The committee plans to meet again Monday, Feb. 13 to approve steps that would improve the safety of divers who visit Pensacola from all over the world.

“The lack of a chamber is certainly an issue,” said Kerry Freeland, who owns Dive Pros and is a Marine Advisory Committee member. “If we had one here it would be advantageous.”

Today, divers must go to Springhill Medical Center in Mobile, Ala., or the South Georgia Medical Center in Valdosta, Ga., to be treated by hyperbaric oxygen therapy in a recompression chamber.

Baptist Hospital used to treat divers, but after two years it stopped using its hyperbaric chamber for diving emergencies and only uses it for wound care, such as gas gangrene, necrotizing infections, diabetic ulcers, carbon monoxide poisoning, chronic wounds and a variety of other conditions. In fact, the only hospitals left in Florida that provide service to divers are all located in South Florida — Fort Myers, West Palm Beach, Miami and Key Largo.

Divers in local waters must make it to Springhill Medical Center’s Wound Care and Hyperbaric Treatment Program that Julio Garcia oversees. Garcia said he treats about 12 to 15 divers from Northwest Florida yearly.

“No one gives a rat’s butt about recruiting tourist dollars and then not having the equipment to treat them,” Garcia said strongly. “This really infuriates me. It takes a fatality. It shouldn’t take this.”

A stand-alone hyperbaric chamber also exists at the Pensacola Naval Air Station. It only serves the military and their dependents. However, Dr. Anne Roberts said at the Diving Safety special meeting that the Department of Defense does allow the Navy hyperbaric chamber to be used to stabilize civilian divers who present life-threatening symptoms from the bends before transferring them to a non-military hospital to receive the remainder of their treatment.

“If it is a significant enough life threatening illness from a diving injury, I will treat them,” Roberts said.

The number one thing that should be done for any diver in distress is to call the Divers Alert Network hotline at Duke University at 919-684-9111. The hotline is manned 24/7 365. DAN is the diving industry’s largest association dedicated to scuba diving safety.

Beyond that diving experts suggested a number of solutions to improve treatment of the bends, including convincing hospital executives, who have active hyperbaric chambers, to create a schedule that rotates the responsibility of handling emergencies.

More unlikely recommendations included having lawmakers mandate hospitals treat divers if they have that ability. Others said the diving community should raise hundreds of thousands of dollars to establish an independent hyperbaric chamber and train a pool of physicians and medical personnel needed to staff it.

“Hopefully, one day we’ll get an epiphany and know how to handle it all,” Freeland said.

One thing that did seem certain was the updating of a protocol written by Merrick VanLandingham in 2005 on how to handle life threatening diving conditions. It would be circulated with all the parties typically involved in treatment, such as the U.S. Coast Guard, EMS, Search and Rescue, law enforcement, 9-1-1 operators, Florida Fish and Wildlife, hospitals across the region, and the Northwest diving community among other groups and agencies.

VanLandingham, who has taught diving for more than two decades and sits on the Escambia County Marine Advisory Committee, said the protocol must be widely and constantly distributed because of turnover in key positions.

“Things have changed since then,” VanLandingham said. “We’ve got new doctors, new people answering 9-1-1. You need to be able to call them and get treatment as quickly as possible.”

No matter what, the Divers Safety meeting did spur a consensus on holding regular diving safety lessons for both novice and professional divers.

DAN Medical Director Jim Chimiak, who listened to the Escambia County Divers Safety meeting over the phone, also weighed in. Chimiak said the key to safety is speed.

“They need to get to a chamber quickly,” he said. “They must move along through an ER evaluation. They cannot sit around for two to three hours. The whole idea is to facilitate it and move it along.”

Brian Clark, who does a lot of deep diving off Pensacola, just went through decompression treatment in June, getting an airlift to a hyperbaric chamber. He emphasized that divers must assume the worst before each dive and have a detailed safety plan in case an emergency pops up.

“We need to take responsibility for our own actions,” he said at the Diver Safety meeting. “What other sport puts you hours from medical care? This is an extreme sport, and you’re taking your life into your own hands. You’re on the moon. So you better have a plan, and you better review what you will do in an emergency.”

Springhill’s Garcia said he hopes Pensacola and the rest of the Northwest Florida will one day have its own hyperbaric chamber again to treat divers. The emerald green Gulf waters have become a hotspot for diving since the 911-foot “Mighty O” was sunk 24 miles southeast of the Pensacola Pass. Plus, there are more than 100 other sunken vessels, military tanks, planes and even demolished bridges.

“It is complete BS that hospitals will treat wounds but not diving injuries,” Garcia said. “Is it possible? Damn straight it is, but no one cares.”

——————————————-

In case of a diving emergency, call:
The 24-hour Divers Alert Network (DAN) Emergency Hotline at 919-684-9111.

——————————————-

Scuba Diving Fast Facts

•Recreational scuba diving and snorkeling contribute about $11 billion to the U.S. gross domestic product and generates about $904.4 million to the Florida economy each year.
•More than 4,200 chartered dive trips are taken annually to the artificial reef/aircraft carrier USS Oriskany that rests south of Pensacola, carrying divers from all over the world.
•Annual revenue generated from visitors traveling to Escambia and Baldwin counties to dive to the Oriskany alone is estimated at $2.2 million with an economic impact of $3.6 million.
•Oriskany dive activities led to the creation of 67 jobs, and the generation of $1.4 million in total income in Escambia and Baldwin counties.
Source: The Diving Equipment and Marketing Association (DEMA) and University of West Florida Haas Center for Business Research (2007)

 

By Duwayne Escobedo

Roatan – Honduras

Relax in tropical surroundings away from the rest of the world: Roatan offers an adventure worth travelling for as a diver or snorkeller.


Surrounded by the longest barrier reef in the northern hemisphere, Roatan is the largest of the Bay Islands. It offers plenty of underwater adventure from hard-core wrecks and deep fissures to peaceful eel gardens and shallow terraces where countless macro photo opportunities abound.

Tucked away on the island is Anthony’s Key Resort, a family run, all inclusive tropical resort offering breathtaking views over the lagoon, a spirit of adventure and great surroundings in which to relax.

 

Papua New Guinea

Travelling in PNG can be challenging. With almost no tourism infrastructure and limited information available in books and on websites, it can feel like you’re stepping into the great unknown. But this is exactly why travellers find this country so compelling. Nothing is contrived for tourists and every experience is authentic – even the main island of Bougainville is a largely DIY travel experience. The striking natural beauty and myriad complex cultures offer some riveting and truly life-affirming experiences. The island of New Guinea, of which Papua New Guinea is the eastern part, is only one-ninth as big as Australia, yet it has just as many mammal species, and more kinds of birds and frogs. PNG is Australia’s biological mirror-world. Both places share a common history going back tens of millions of years, but Australia is flat and has dried out, while PNG is wet and has become mountainous. As a result, Australian kangaroos bound across the plains, while in PNG they climb in the rainforest canopy.

For a glimpse into PNG’s fascinating tribal cultures, the Highlands is where you should head (the town of Tari is a good place to see traditional Huli wigmen), while the Central, Oro & Milne Bay Provinces are home to gorgeous reefs and historic wartime sites – including the country’s foremost attraction, the Kokoda Track. Also part of these eastern provinces, and about as far off the beaten track as you can get, the D’Entrecasteaux Islands are like the land that time forgot, mountainous, jungly and totally undeveloped. The gritty capital Port Moresby, on the other hand, is big and sprawling and even a bit intimidating until you get under its skin and see past the bad press.

PNG is one of earth’s megadiverse regions, and it owes much of its diversity to its topography. The mountainous terrain has spawned diversity in two ways: isolated mountain ranges are often home to unique fauna and flora found nowhere else, while within any one mountain range you will find different species as you go higher. In the lowlands are jungles whose trees are not that different from those of Southeast Asia. Yet the animals are often startlingly different – cassowaries instead of tapirs, and marsupial cuscus instead of monkeys.

The greatest diversity of animal life occurs at around 1500m above sea level. The ancestors of many of the marsupials found in these forests were derived from Australia some five million years ago. As Australia dried out they vanished from that continent, but they continued to thrive and evolve in New Guinea, producing a highly distinctive fauna. Birds of paradise and bowerbirds also abound there, and the forest has many trees typical of the forests of ancient Gondwana. As you go higher the forests get mossier and the air colder. By the time you have reached 3000m above sea level the forests are stunted and wreathed in epiphytes. It’s a formation known as elfin woodland, and in it one finds many bright honeyeaters, native rodents and some unique relics of prehistory, such as the giant long-beaked echidna. Above the elfin woodland the trees drop out, and a wonderland of alpine grassland and herbfield dominates, where wallabies and tiny birds, like the alpine robin, can often be seen. It is a place where snow can fall and where early morning ice coats the puddles.

Ready to go?

These tours & activities make it easy:

Diving + Trawler + Bonaire = Good Times!

My wife Barbara and I have been cruising the Caribbean since January 2007. We have noticed that most of our cruising friends not only enjoy the sights and experiences that can be found above the sea, but also those under the surface, where so many see much less than they could, because they snorkel instead of diving on scuba.

The advantages of scuba are perhaps self-evident, but are worth emphasizing. Except in the shallowest of waters, scuba divers can get so much closer to the sights worth seeing, and can stay close enough for long enough to notice details and behaviors that would be missed on snorkel. Why do so many limit their experience by only snorkeling? For some, there are personal physical conditions that preclude diving. For many, however, I think the problem is fear and a lack of understanding of the magnitude of the difference between the snorkel and scuba experience.

I am well aware of the role fear can play in keeping one from learning how to scuba dive. Barbara and I learned to dive after listening to friends talk about their fascination with the underwater world. I was initially extremely reluctant – I had previously discovered on my first attempt to snorkel that I was even afraid to breathe through a snorkel when my face was under water! I subsequently overcame that fear by conditioning myself in waist-deep water, but I found the prospect of strapping on all of the artificial equipment for scuba diving to be daunting. But Barbara was eager to learn, and so I joined her in lessons designed to lead to a diving certification – the only way to safely learn how to dive. The lessons were graduated, so although each step was scary, I soon found that the skills of the previous lesson no longer caused trepidation. By the time we became trawler owners, we had both become PADI-certified divers, and then Advanced divers, and then NITROX-certified divers.

Surrounded by fish, Barbara swims alongside the keel of Tusen Takk II. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley
Surrounded by fish, Barbara swims alongside the keel of Tusen Takk II. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley

As I write this, our vessel, Tusen Takk II, a Kadey-Krogen 48 North Sea is floating off Kralendijk, Bonaire, in a mooring field that is provided for visiting vessels. The entire island is surrounded, to a depth of 200ft (61m), by a Marine Park that forbids anchoring. Sometimes, without using our dinghy or moving our trawler, we dive right off the boat. But often we take our 12ft RIB powered by a 25 hp 2-stroke outboard to one of the 80-some marked dive buoys in the Bonaire Marine Park.

And what do we see in the clear and warm waters of Bonaire? Beautiful hard and soft corals – more than 57 species. And fascinating sea creatures, large and small – more than 500 species make Bonaire their home. Some of the smallest creatures are the most beautiful.

Sea Life Observed

Delightfully Patterned Blennies

#1 Tessellated Blenny. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley
Tessellated Blenny. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley

Bonaire Box Jellyfish

#2 Bonaire Box Jellyfish. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley
Bonaire Box Jellyfish. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley

Squat Anemone Shrimp

#3 Squat shrimp. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley
Squat shrimp dancing about with its tail up in the air. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley

Filefish

Whitespotted filefish. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley
Whitespotted Filefish. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley

Behavior of our Underwater Friends

A three-inch male Sailfin Blenny emerges from his hidey-hole in shallow rubble and rises vertically up above the bottom to wave his dorsal fins in a vigorous (if somewhat jerky) display designed to attract mates and intimidate rivals.

A Trumpetfish engages in ‘shadow hunting’, wherein it swims alongside a Red Band Parrotfish – a fish with a much different diet – following its every turn. The idea is to hide behind the Parrotfish and be able to approach prey. When close enough to a small target, the Trumpetfish darts from behind the Parrotfish and gobbles the prey.

A Long-lure Frogfish waits patiently for small prey to be attracted to its lure, an enticing bit of matter attached to the end of a special spine whose other end grows out of the frogfish’s ‘nose’. The frogfish dangles and jigs the lure in front of its mouth. When a small fish approaches to sample the lure, the frogfish gulps down the prey in an instant. The gulp is lightning fast and the result of a wide sudden ‘yawn’ that creates a vacuum that sucks in the victim. When not actively fishing, the frogfish exercises its jaws by performing occasional slow-but-wide yawns.

#4 Frogfish yawning. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley
Frogfish yawning. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley

A Yellow-headed Jawfish exits its den in the sand and suspends vertically while bobbing and feeding in the water column. Get too close, and it somehow manages to swim backwards back into its den. Occasionally we get a bonus – males can sometimes be observed with an egg mass in their jaws. During the five- to seven-day incubation period the males retain the eggs in their mouths, seldom eating and only occasionally briefly leaving the egg mass back in their burrows.

#5 Yellowhead with eggs. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley
#5 Yellowhead with eggs. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley

Colorful Cleaning Shrimp (that reside in anemone or coral and that provide pest control to client fish by removing small parasites), advertise their service by waving elongated white antennae. A client fish approaches and reveals its willingness to be cleaned by assuming a special posture and by flaring its gills and opening its mouth. The cleaner darts about in perfect safety, removing parasites from the skin and gills and even sometimes the insides of the client’s mouth.

Scorpion fish. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley
Scorpion fish. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley

Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF)

Learning the names and behaviors of underwater inhabitants has vastly increased our enjoyment of diving. Knowledge enriches the experiences and lifts them from dumb awe at ‘pretty sights’ to informed appreciation. Knowledge enables the excitement of recognizing a rare specimen or understanding the significance of an unusual behavior. My wife and I have gained certifications in fish identification; certification that qualifies us to conduct surveys for submission to the Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF). The mission of REEF is to conserve marine ecosystems by educating, enlisting and enabling divers to become stewards of the oceans and to, in effect, become citizen scientists. Whether or not one becomes a member of REEF, learning about the creatures of the sea indisputably enhances the enjoyment of diving. Barbara typically dives with her survey slate; on a recent survey she identified and counted in one dive over 100 different species.

Bearded fireworm. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley
Bearded fireworm. Photo by Charles (Chuck) Shipley

Underwater photography has also enhanced my enjoyment of diving. I have specialized in photographing small creatures, because I enjoy capturing images that reveal colorful and intricate details in images that are larger than life. Consequently, I almost always dive with my housed Nikon DSLR, a piece of equipment that keeps me too preoccupied to permit surveying. I dawdle as I photograph. Barbara dawdles as she surveys. The combination works well. Neither gets bored while waiting for the other.

 

https://youtu.be/Q_1SVejEwjw

 

 

Indonesian Reefs are being harmed by diving and snorkeling according to

Diving and snorkeling contribute to coral reef damage according to research by the Bogor Institute of Agriculture (IPB).

The study, conducted at Panggang Island in the Thousand Islands regency between April and June 2013, found that diving and snorkeling in the area had destroyed 7.57 percent and 8.2 percent of coral reefs per year, respectively due to divers or snorkelers who kicked, stepped on, touched or took the coral.

WWF Indonesia marine and fisheries campaign coordinator Dwi Aryo Tjiptohandono said that the main cause of damage to the reefs was the amateur divers’ inability to float and irresponsible divers who took coral for souvenirs.

(Read also: Guide to visiting Raja Ampat for first-timers)

According to a recent report by kompas.comvandalized coral reefs were also found in Raja Ampat in West Papua. An Australian who lives in the area, Doug Meikle, uploaded three photographs on Stay Raja Ampat’s Facebook account, which showed three areas of damage.

Meikle said that this vandalism was not the only thing that was destroying Raja Ampat’s coral reefs. Live-aboard anchors were said to be responsible as well. “[The live-aboard anchors] are even worse than the vandalism,” he said.

The head of the underwater tourism acceleration program, Cipto Aji Gunawan, said that the Tourism Ministry would revoke the license of dive operators who were involved in damaging the reefs.

Florida Scuba Diving Sculptures

It’s not every day you get to flipper-kick your way through the staterooms of a sunken ship and gaze at artwork while you’re at it. But for scuba divers who visit Fort Lauderdale, it’s as simple as paying a visit to the Lady Luck, an underwater art exhibit located off the coast of Pompano Beach.

It’s the latest addition to Shipwreck Park Pompano, a cluster of shipwrecks off the coast of Pompano Beach. The centerpiece is the Lady Luck, a 324-foot tanker vessel built in 1967 that was sunk off Pompano Beach on July 23, 2016.

As divers swim in and around the ship (which is as long as a football field), they are treated to underwater artwork created by local artist Dennis MacDonald. We’re talking poker tables, “card sharks,” slot machines on the ship’s deck, a cascade of gigantic dice, starfish and an octopus dealing craps.

All make for great scuba selfies.

Inexpensive Waterproof Compass Review

Sometimes having a compass with you while scuba diving is extremely handy.  And some of the electronic compasses that you find on higher end dive computers (electronic compasses) need to be calibrated too often in order to be useful if you forget to do so right before your dive.

Here’s a cool compass from ScubaPro for under $100…

I ordered one of these ScubaPro compasses and it’ll be here in a couple of days.  After I receive it, I’ll take some pics and edit this article with their addition.  Also, we’ll get these into the water soon and check them out and report back.

Precise Navigation Anywhere in the World

The FS-2 compass provides a unique tilt angle of up to 35 degrees, making it easier to read and operate in almost any position.

With a floating magnet separate from the compass rose, the FS-2 has greater operating freedom than conventional compasses. This means you can use the same compass for both Northern and Southern hemispheres, making it the perfect navigation instrument for traveling divers.

Technical Information

  • Scratch-resistant and durable oil-filled polycarbonate case.
  • Highly luminous dial for easy reference in low light conditions.
  • Side view window for easy and accurate navigation.
  • P/N: 05.017.101.
  • Compass MANUAL CLICK HERE FOR DOWNLOAD

And here’s a compass from Phantom Aquatics for under $30

The build quality and feel of the Phantom Aquatics Compass is decent.  -Not great.  Not terrible.  I like that it’s made in Taiwan as opposed to being made in China.  That usually means better build quality and attention to detail IMHO.

Happy and SAFE diving!

saltydog@sd

 

 

Eating and Drinking Before Diving

Everybody knows that it’s not a good idea to drink (alcohol) before going diving.  But, what happens when you eat a LOT of food before you go?

Remember how our moms always used to tell us to wait thirty minutes after eating our lunch/snacks/dinner/whatever before going back into the pool?  Back then I always seemed to have a super natural ability to detect when my mother was full of shit with her notes on what’s best for child rearing. That bit about how I shouldn’t go back to my fun swimming activities until the stroke of thirty minutes later was no exception.  Somehow science or natural selection successfully debunked that silly 30-minute-no-swim-rule over the years since I’ve been a kid and I do feel vindicated!  Well, I felt vindicated until scuba diving during a food mishap this last Summer while on vacation with my family.

It was after the first of a two tank dive afternoon that my kids reminded me that we all needed to go eat some lunch or we might all expire from Bataan Death March type malnutrition.  Being on the water does make you hungry!  So, we all decided to try out the menu at Ramon’s dive center/hotel/restaurant which is on Ambergris Caye in Belize.  The menu there looked really good and the food turned out to be excellent!  We were so hungry that I ordered what seemed at the time to others seated at the table, dishes from every part of the menu.  -I consider myself to be a food snob and really, every item that we ordered was exceptional and impressive…  So, I ate what I considered to be my fair share of what was delivered to our food huddle, A LOT OF FOOD!  That turned out to be a DUMB DUMB DUMB idea to eat so much!

Right after lunch I paid the check and gathered my Salty Dogs dive group in order to muster for our next diventure, the second tank exploration of our two tank afternoon.  I felt like a whale I was so full.  Miserable full.  Instead of concentrating on the fun of the upcoming scuba dive, slipping into a full-on food coma was all that was on my mind.  Oh, another thing to tell is that I like spicy food.  I mean I like really really spicy food.  Thai Hot when it’s appropriate!  At that lunch it wasn’t a Thai Hot day, but it was locally Belize grown chili pepper day.  Habaneros get hot, don’t they???  I screwed myself royally with that lunch.  Me being a glutton purchased me the life-like feel of what a manatee must go through when pregnant and experiencing a severe case of HEARTBURN!  Trying not to burp and throw up repeat chili offenders into my reg at 65 feet on that second dive of the day, reminded me that eating right before swimming AND scuba diving, should be managed properly by smart mom types and not by Gore-Garth type ravenous neanderthals like myself!  Remember to watch what you eat and drink before each dive.  Like my mother told me many times before, don’t do as I do, do as I say!

Yesterday was my Mom’s birthday.  She’s not around anymore to read this so, I think it’s safe to put down on the Internet for all to see here…  My Mom really did know best.  Happy Birthday Mom.  We sure do miss you!

 

-saltydog@sd

 

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