Subnautica-Survival Game

Subnautica concept art

After playing, at length, a few of the game’s early access builds over the years, I can say that Unknown Worlds Entertainment’s Subnautica probably is the best survival game ever made. It’s certainly the best one I’ve ever played, and I’ve spent many hours in countless survival games mining and farming, building self-sustaining bases, and being incredibly frustrated with losing all of my hard-earned raw materials when I stupidly die somewhere far away from home base. The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild recently released to glowing praise (and with the excitement of a new console, no less), Blizzard finally seems to be trying to fix Hearthstone, and a brand new installment in the Mass Effect franchise just dropped, but I’d trade it all for Subnautica to magically leave early access right now instead of in the fall.

Unknown Worlds’ first game, Natural Selection, released way back in 2002 — a free Half-Life mod that was something the gaming world hadn’t really seen before, a hybrid of a first-person shooter and real-time strategy game. Two teams, aliens and humans, battle it out in an FPS team deathmatch while one player from each team assumes the role of their team’s commander, building bases and researching upgrades from a traditional top-down RTS view. (Natural Selection only really spawned one other popular game in that hybrid FPS-RTS style, 2003’s Savage: The Battle for Newerth, a personal favorite.) A decade later, Unknown Worlds followed up with Natural Selection 2, which still has an active player base today. With only two non-survival games under its belt, it’s a wonder that Subnautica, the studio’s third game — something far different than an FPS-RTS hybrid — is the cream of the survival genre crop.

Subnautica's Safe Shallows

The Safe Shallows are one of the only places in the game where your spine will tingle the least.

Two design decisions have pushed Subnautica far beyond, for instance, the limited environment of farming sims like Stardew Valley, the vast exploration of games like No Man’s Sky, and the intricate base-building of games like Starbound and Terraria. First, Subnautica has created one of the best atmospheres and detailed worlds in the history of gaming, and second, it has dispensed with or perfected many of the tedious and uninspired tropes of the genre.

Rare for a survival game, Unknown Worlds chose to focus on atmosphere and narrative, deciding to go with a brilliantly hand-crafted landscape instead of the genre’s usual, tired procedural generation. The result: the level of immersion in Subnautica is unreal, from the dazzling art direction to the often terrifying soundscape. You can check out some of the more terrifying sounds below. Pop in some headphones, press play, close your eyes, and imagine yourself swimming alone through a dark abyss. (Disclaimer: the creatures in the video are spawned in via console commands, and that’s why they don’t match their surroundings. Don’t worry, they look great in their natural biomes.)

Choosing to craft the landscape by hand was a genius move. Survival games tend to go with procedural generation in order to (lazily) create “new” content, but you can’t teach an algorithm art direction. Subnautica’s atmosphere is right up there with Silent Hill 2 and BioShock, its environment the most (and far more) alien and fantastical since something like Oblivion’s Shivering Isles. There hasn’t been a game that leverages and plays with draw distance better than Subnautica. It’s not even a horror game in the slightest, but you’ll have a tingle in your spine for the majority of the time you play, even when you know you’re safe. You might not suffer from thalassophobia or submechanophobia, but you’ll certainly experience what that’s like while exploring Subnautica’s alien depths.

Along with the hand-crafted, painstakingly detailed landscape and geometry, Subnautica nearly perfects survival game mechanics that are almost always far more tedious than fun. You’ll never dread having to collect food and water to sustain your character, but you also won’t feel it’s so easy that the mechanic itself is pointless. The same goes for collecting construction resources. Even if you build an unnecessarily extravagant base or two and need a planet’s worth of resources, those resources are spread throughout the map at just the right amount. You can even create autonomous farms and machines for wide variety of them, which also produce them at just the right frequency. Exploration and travel, another usually tedious mechanic in the genre, is a blast. The biomes are exactly the right size, and your methods of transportation — from different scuba suits to submarines — upgrade and travel at just the right pace. It certainly helps that you’re traveling through an incredible atmosphere and environment no matter what you’re up to.

Subnautica's Jelly Shroom Caves

The glowing Jelly Shroom Caves, home to the crabsnake.

There is a plot that factors heavily into all aspects of the game as well, with tons of story spread throughout — written in logs, shown-not-told throughout the environment, and detailed in both visual and audio scenes. It’s far more detailed than, for instance, Starbound’s “collect a number of MacGuffins” or No Man’s Sky’s “get to the center of the galaxy for some reason.” Without spoiling much: your ship was mysteriously shot down, you find traces of human and alien colonization on the seemingly uninhabited ocean planet, and there’s even a pronounced plot thread about a virulent outbreak. There’s legitimate, detailed narrative here, and most of it is even withheld from early access builds to avoid spoilers, so there’s more to come.

Unknown Worlds recently delayed Subnautica’s May release date (which itself was already delayed a few times) back to September of this year. While the many hours I’ve clocked in the early access builds have left me jonesing to do it “for real” with a complete release, the delay is a good move. Due to the (again, beautiful) hand-crafted landscape and items spread throughout, the game experiences performance issues. If you construct too many buildings or a giant farm, the game will start to lag when you approach. Pop-in has always been an issue as well to varying degrees — especially considering an apt alternate title for Subnautica would be Creepy Draw Distance: The Game — though at its worst, it’s nowhere near as bad as something like No Man’s Sky’s pop-in. Considering the progress made in each new build and the very open, public communication Unknown Worlds has had (its very active roadmap Trello board is public), it’s unlikely that the mild-to-middling performance stutters won’t be taken care of by the time of the official release. Not to pick on the poor thing, but if you’re used to No Man’s Sky’s performance, you might not even notice the hiccups in Subnautica’s early access builds.

There’s also more Subnautica to come after the official 1.0 release, as the team plans to begin work on an expansion in December.

You could check out the early access build now and get a feel for the game — the current build has a ton of stuff to do, and most of the map, flora and fauna, and mechanics are in place. The game is so good, though, that considering I’ve basically been experiencing delirium tremens after I “did everything” in early access so far, it might be safer for your mental state to just wait for the 1.0 release.

Florida sharks worth more alive than dead, study finds

A live shark swimming through Florida’s waters is about 200 times more valuable than a dead shark, a new study has found.

The study, commissioned by the nonprofit Oceana in its bid to end the gruesome shark fin trade, found that divers hoping to see sharks produced more than $221 million in revenue for the state in 2016 and helped supply over 3,700 jobs. That compared to just over $1 million generated by the buying and selling of shark fins nationwide.

The study, Oceana said, is the first of its kind in the U.S. to try to calculate what conservationists have long argued about many imperiled fish: they’re worth far less on a plate than they are in the water.

Sharks are in trouble and one of the reasons they are in trouble is because of the demands for their fins.

Oceana campaign Director Lora Snyder

Sharks are in trouble and one of the reasons they are in trouble is because of the demands for their fins,” said Oceana’s campaign director, Lora Snyder.

Oceana is hoping the findings help persuade lawmakers to pass a nationwide ban on buying and selling shark fins, a trade centered in Asia but executed globally and blamed, along with longline fishing and overfishing, with driving down shark populations. Earlier this month, California Republican Rep. Ed Royce, chair of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, reintroduced a ban that has so far gained 35 bipartisan signatures, Snyder said.

The U.S. bans shark finning, the process of chopping the fins off sharks and tossing them overboard, still alive, to sink and suffocate or get eaten by predators. Only 11 states prohibit importing and selling fins.

11

The number of states that currently ban the buying and selling of shark fins

“It’s important to know, once a fin has entered the market, did it come from an endangered shark or was that fin legally finned and got in the U.S.?” Snyder said. “Once it’s here, there’s really no way to know.”

To come up with the numbers, wildlife consultant Tony Fedler contacted 365 dive operators across the state and got responses from 237. Nearly all were small businesses. Only 42 qualified as large, with clients that included cruise ships or other tours. Fedler found that nearly one third of divers look for outings where they’ll likely spot sharks and one in five specifically look for encounters with sharks.

Fedler noted an obvious weakness in his study: the data was voluntarily supplied by dive operators who support shark conservation. However, he also pointed out that the total number of dive days he used to calculate his numbers is well below estimates by the Diving Equipment & Marketing Association, making his count more conservative. He also used expense data from a 2001 study which likely low-balled how much divers spend.

Still, dollars from dives clearly outpaces any revenue generated by the fin trade, Snyder said.

“As long as sharks remain alive in the ocean,” she said, “divers and their dollars will continue to support local economies.”

 

Providence Equity Sells Scuba Certifier PADI for $700+ Million

By Matt Jarzemsky

Providence Equity Partners LLC agreed to sell scuba certifier Professional Association of Diving Instructors to a group of wealthy families and endowments for more than $700 million, according to people familiar with the matter.

The consortium includes philanthropists who were drawn to PADI’s efforts to promote oceanic conservation as well as its business, people familiar with the deal said. They purchased the company through an entity dubbed Mandarinfish Holding, named for a Pacific Ocean-dwelling fish whose vivid orange, blue and green colors make it a favorite of some divers, the people added.

Orange County, Calif.-based PADI is the world’s largest diving membership and training organization, having issued more than 25 million certifications, according to its website. Scuba equipment salesman John Cronin and swimming and diving instructor Ralph Erickson founded it from their homes in the Chicago suburbs in 1966, offering membership and course training materials to dive shops and resorts.

Providence bought the company from private-equity firm Lincolnshire Management in 2015 and helped it expand in China and upgrade its e-commerce system. It tripled its investment on the sale, according to a letter to its investors reviewed by The Wall Street Journal.

PADI’s new ownership reflects a shift in the investing landscape. Its buyers included so-called family offices, which manage the fortunes of the wealthy. These organizations have long invested with private-equity funds, but they’re increasingly cutting out the money managers and doing their own private-equity-style deals. By doing so, investors avoid paying private-equity firms fees for managing buyouts and have greater flexibility to hold businesses for many years.

Rhode Island-based Providence has invested in several companies related to sports, live entertainment and active pursuits. The firm last year sold sports-marketing companyLearfield Communications Inc. for a return of about 2.9 times its investment, the Journal reported. It sold Ironman Triathlon operator World Triathlon Corp. to China’s Dalian Wanda Group in 2015, quadrupling its investment.

Deutsche Bank AG advised PADI on the deal, according to people familiar with the matter.

Write to Matt Jarzemsky at [email protected]

 

 

https://youtu.be/K2TObbkXSsM

The Five Best Scuba Diving Sites In The Philippines

Notably, many pointed that the country is truly a swimmer’s paradise. Here are the top five diving destinations for you.
(Photo: DOTPhilipines/YoutubeScreenshot/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jmCwWbAWyZ8)

The Philippines is considered by many as one of the world’s best diving spots especially when one gets to experience swimming in its clear waters and among the coral reefs. One can find plenty of diving spots in the country with a lot of great dive resorts. If you’re headed to this side of the world soon and want to do see some breathtaking marine life, here are five placed that you should check out.

Monad Shoal, Malapascua. If you want to swim with the sharks, head to Monad Shoal, the diving spot known to many as an ideal destination for viewing the predators. Even if the sharks aren’t present when you’re diving in the reef, you can see various marine life like squid, octopus, barracuda, Moorish idols, eels, and lionfish.

Ticao Pass, Masbate. The Ticao Pass is known as the Manta Bowl of the country. There’ll be plenty of manta rays swimming across the waters of the pass. Occasionally, there’ll be whale sharks making their way to the Pass so that they can arrive at Donsol.

Puerto Galera, Mindoro. There are over 40 diving sites found in Puerto Galera, and they’re all ranging from the peaceful and to what they consider as dangerous. Verde Island and Long Beach are where you can simply chill and relax while Sabang and Washing Machine are for hardcore divers.

Coron Bay, Palawan. There’s a Japanese warship called the Morazan Maru that sank duri,ng WWII, making the area perfect for diving because of the unique attraction. Moreover, Coron Bay is where you can find rich and diverse marine life. Schools of fish, turtles and even sea snakes can be found near the wreckage.

Tubbataha Reef National Park in Sulu Sea, Palawan. The famed reef is home to 600 fish species, 360 coral species, 11 shark species, and 13 dolphin and whale species according to the Islands of the Philippines. Not to mention, this diving site is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a national park.

Scuba diving risks: Predicting how bad the bends will be

Researchers have created a new model for predicting decompression sickness after deep-sea dives that not only estimates the risk, but how severe the symptoms are likely to be.

The US Navy Diving Manual may incorporate the model into its next update, as will commercial products intended to help recreational divers plan their ascents to avoid “the bends.”

The results appear online on March 15, 2017, in the journal PLOS ONE.

“The current guidelines only give you a probability as to whether or not decompression sickness is likely to happen after a given dive,” said Laurens Howle, professor of mechanical engineering and materials science at Duke, who has been working on these models with the Navy for a decade. “This is the first time we’ve been able to also address the likely severity of the potential sickness, helping divers determine acceptable risk.”

All risks have two components — the likelihood of something bad happening and just how bad that something is likely to be. Having a model that accurately provides both aspects will allow divers to better plan safe depths and ascents to help their bodies adjust — preventing painful and potentially fatal results.

Decompression sickness occurs when dissolved gasses such as nitrogen and helium come out of solution inside the body, forming dangerous, painful bubbles. This happens when divers ascend too quickly, and the pressure of gasses within various tissues exceeds that of the surrounding pressure.

“Getting the bends is not fun,” said Greg Murphy, a doctoral candidate in Howle’s laboratory, who has experienced the full severity spectrum of decompression sickness firsthand. “While I was diving in a salvage zone for the Navy, my anchor broke and I shot to the surface. On the ride to the hospital, I could barely breathe even with pure oxygen.”

No divers had to take such risks to gather data for the new model, as the Navy has a dataset of more than 3,000 simulated dives conducted in a carefully controlled hyperbaric chamber. Using that data, along with models of how gasses are absorbed and released by human tissue, Howle crunched the numbers to sort dives into six levels of potential severity.

Howle then divided the categories into a mild manifestation grouping (pain only) and a serious manifestation grouping (likely neurological or cardiopulmonary symptoms). He then assigned the same levels of acceptable risk currently used by the Navy to each. With a slight tweak to the definition of mild decompression sickness, the resulting model and boundaries of acceptable risk closely matched the practices already in place in the Navy, making it a useful predictive tool moving forward.

“Now that we have this model, we can use it to quickly and accurately predict the likelihood and severity of decompression sickness simultaneously to make decisions,” said Howle. “We’re also working to optimize the algorithm so that it could operate on a diver-worn computer so adjustments and new predictions could be made on the fly.”

Story Source:

Materials provided by Duke University. Original written by Ken Kingery. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Undersea Groping – Huffington Post – Bullshit!

It is total bullshit that the Huffington Post would publish C.J. Grace’s ‘story’ below without any commentary or fact checking.  I’m certain that Divemasters throughout Hawaii strive to perform their duties with the utmost of integrity and professionalism.  C.J. Grace in a posting on her website and then broadcast on Huffington Post claims that her Divemaster on a Manta Dive in Hawaii, groped her and also put her along with the other tourist divers in his charge, back into the water after a “75 minute dive”…  “After a hot drink, all six of us diving tourists were back below with the divemaster, sitting at the bottom in a circle”.

Here’s some information on a Manta Dive in Hawaii…  Dive is 20-80 feet in depth.  http://www.scubadiving.com/manta-ray-night-dives-in-kona

Divemasters aren’t going to put their divers back into the water on the second tank of a two tank dive only “After a hot drink”.

On most dives, an one hour surface interval is standard. At this point a substantial percentage of nitrogen has been released and the impact on a second dive is not too great.  If the first dive was deep and very near the NDL with a second dive also deep, Then it is not uncommon to wait two hours before your next dive.

C.J. Grace’s story does a terrible disservice to the SCUBA diving industry in Hawaii at the very least.  Her story almost at worst, crucifies male Divemasters around the globe that help to keep their customers safe every day.  Let alone negating the perceived validity of future sexual harassment announcements by women that are telling the truth.

C.J. Grace wrote, “I knew that I did not want to make a bad situation worse by going through the stress and hassle of making an official complaint. In the end I passed a report of what happened to someone who was very good friends with the owner of the dive outfit. My hope was that the groping divemaster would either be fired or be hauled over the coals enough to make him avoid a repeat performance. A more inexperienced and vulnerable person than I might have been traumatized by his behavior, perhaps never wanting to do scuba again.  The incident made me understand viscerally why molested women keep silent.”

C.J. Grace, you absolutely should have gone through the “stress and hassle of making an official complaint” if your libel were all true.  -Rather than as you wrote, passing a “report”, to someone “who was very good friends with the owner”.  There’s never a need to subject any women to future potential sexual harassment or battery, EVER, full-stop.  Besides the Huffington Post as they’ve re-broadcast your story without any commentary, does anybody really believe the BS you write on your website???  I call Bullshit.

 

Getting my breasts groped through 5 millimeters of rubber 50 feet under the ocean was not exactly what I had expected when I signed up for a 2-tank Manta Ray Dive in Hawaii. The divemaster’s actions made me feel as if I were a cow being milked. It took me a while to realize that there was actually sexual manhandling going on. Despite having done more than 50 dives, I was not the most adept Scuba diver in the world. I was also unused to the 5 mm wetsuit and different equipment. My buoyancy control was not too brilliant. The divemaster already had to drag down both me and my male friend after we ended up almost back at the surface. Thus I made a point of staying close to the divemaster. He held my hand uncomfortably tightly, but at least it gave me a front row view when he poked an octopus out of a hole so that we could see the creature scuttling away. Every so often the divemaster would press the buttons on my BCD (buoyancy control device) to add or subtract air. My dive buddy was an air hog and ran out of air while I still had plenty left. Normally I would have joined him on the rope from the boat to do the 3 minute safety stop before climbing back on the boat together, but the divemaster held on to me. The good thing: That was when I saw three manta rays. The bad thing: Once my male buddy was out of the way the groping began.

What kind of satisfaction would a man get trying to touch up a woman through a 5 mm wetsuit? Did he have a rubber fetish? So many parts of the body are inaccessible. There is no way you can get raped with all that gear on. Your face is covered by the mask and regulator. You can’t even talk to each other. It was almost as if I were in an off-color Benny Hill comedy skit: groping, innuendo and no dialogue. Should I have angrily pushed him away? It didn’t seem a good idea to get into an adversarial situation 50 feet under the sea when he was the expert and I was pretty much the novice. I wasn’t going to shove him backwards or knock the regulator out of his mouth. He could have done far worse to me if he had a mind to do it. I remembered a story I had read on the Daily Mail website about newlywed Gabe Watson being accused of killing his wife by turning off her air when they were diving off the coast of Queensland, Australia. Watson was convicted of manslaughter in Australia but acquitted of murder in the US.

Although I felt insulted by the groping divemaster’s inappropriate actions, there was an absurdity to the situation. Did he realize that I was old enough to be his mom? The groper paid scant attention to the other four divers under his charge. We were the last to ascend, after 75 minutes underwater, the longest dive I had ever done. Instead of leading me to the rope attached to the boat for a safety stop, he held me in his arms and circled me around in waltzing motions as if we were dancing together. Once back on the boat, I was tired out and in no mood to create a scene. After a hot drink, all six of us diving tourists were back below with the divemaster, sitting at the bottom in a circle, all of us armed with lights in the hope of attracting manta rays. The groper gave my dive buddy a boulder to hold to keep him on the sea bottom. I got a leg-over, literally. The divemaster draped his leg across mine. The mantas, obviously unimpressed with our light show, refused to show up. At the end of it all, I was so tired that all I wanted to do was get off the boat and go to sleep as soon as possible. I could barely keep my eyes open to drive back to my hotel. I just did not have the energy to complain about the groper and create a scene.

Over the next few days I wrestled with whether I should report the man or not. I knew that he would deny any wrongdoing. How could he not if otherwise he might lose his job? I could hear all his excuses:

“She got all sexual with me, claiming she couldn’t get her wetsuit on.” Yes, he had to get quite physical with me to get the damn thing on.

“I kept on adjusting the air in her BCD as she was terrible at controlling her buoyancy.” True, but he also kept on adjusting other parts of my body.

“I had to keep hold of her to stop her going up to the surface in an uncontrolled ascent.” Sadly, I did display plenty of diving ineptitude.

I knew that I did not want to make a bad situation worse by going through the stress and hassle of making an official complaint. In the end I passed a report of what happened to someone who was very good friends with the owner of the dive outfit. My hope was that the groping divemaster would either be fired or be hauled over the coals enough to make him avoid a repeat performance. A more inexperienced and vulnerable person than I might have been traumatized by his behavior, perhaps never wanting to do scuba again.

The incident made me understand viscerally why molested women keep silent.

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/undersea-groping_us_58cde26ee4b07112b6472e7e

Former BBC journalist C. J. Grace is the author of “Adulterer’s Wife: How to Thrive Whether You Stay or Not,” available on Amazon.com. She is currently writing her second book, “Hotel Chemo: Overcoming Breast Cancer and Infidelity.” Read C. J.’s blogs and hear her radio interviews on www.adultererswife.com.

Responsible Shark And Ray Tourism

 

Does diving with sharks and rays affect their behaviour?

Shark and ray tourism generates hundreds of millions of dollars globally each year and, says WWF, it is growing substantially.

Businesses around the world provide a variety of activities that allow people to get close to sharks and rays, ranging from boat-based spotting to guided snorkelling, cage viewing experiences and scuba diving. If current trends continue, the numbers of shark related tourism could more than double over the next twenty years. Is this a good thing or a bad thing for the sharks?

Research published this month by American scientists finds that scuba divers can repeatedly interact with reef sharks without affecting the behaviour of the shark in the long term. Well-regulated shark diving tourism can be accomplished without undermining conservation goals.

The researchers – Darcy Bradley, Yannis Papastamatiou and Jennifer Caselle – didn’t detect differences in reef shark abundance or behaviour between heavily dived and undived locations, neither were there differences in shark residency patterns at dived and undived sites in a year with substantial diving activity and a year without any diving.

So, how can divers and dive operators ensure that they dive with sharks responsibly? The WWF, Project Aware and the Manta Trust have produced a Guide to shark and ray tourism.
Guide to Responsible Shark and Ray Tourism

Advice from the Guide to Responsible Shark and Ray Tourism to Dive Operators

  1. Operate a code of conduct to reduce pollution from vessels, discarded waste and plastics, physical and chemical damage such as boat strikes, breaking off coral and damage from sunscreen.
  2. Avoid touching the animals or altering their habitat which could ultimately damage the resources upon which the tourism businesses are based.
  3. Think several times before feeding or “provisioning” sharks. Provisioning may lead to animals ‘begging’ from tourists, and becoming aggressive if they aren’t satisfied. Studies are finding that long-term provisioning of populations of sharks and rays can have physiological and other impacts, which is why a precautionary approach is important.
  4. Proactively support conservation of the habitats and species on which your business depends. Marine protected areas (MPAs), which limit or restrict activities that affect marine life within a defined area, are one
    widely adopted conservation tool. In Palau, shark diving within the MPA is popular because the white tip and grey reef sharks are predictable, relatively numerous, and spend most of their lives in the one area
  5. Customers want the best experience they can get, so it’s important staff training goes beyond safety and customer service. Staff should receive a comprehensive induction into the business; and this should be followed by regular training and updates on the latest science, management practices, conservation and regulatory issues.
  6. Use eco-accreditation, such as that from Green Fins,

You can take a self-assessment survey to see how you score as a dive operator. The guide also provides a suite of free, practical, downloadable tools that can be used by operators, NGOs, local communities and resource managers.

Responsible Shark and Ray Tourism – A Guide to Best Practice. WWF, Project Aware, Manta Trust 2017.

https://youtu.be/rtsrL0CHs7M

Full Face Snorkel Mask Death

Lifeguards in Maui have begun tracking equipment worn by snorkelers who drown in their jurisdiction and other counties appear poised to do the same.

A state water safety committee on Wednesday heard poignant testimony from the husband of a California woman who drowned off the Big Island last year while wearing a new type of snorkel mask that he thinks may have contributed to her death.

On Wednesday, in a boardroom at the Hawaii Convention Center, Guy Cooper took a deep breath and regained his composure before continuing the story of how his wife drowned in September while snorkeling off the Big Island.

 The Hawaii Drowning and Aquatic Injury Prevention Advisory Committee, a group of ocean safety experts, state and county officials, tourism industry leaders and others, put Cooper on its agenda after he raised concerns about the role of the full-face snorkeling mask his wife had been wearing. The committee is now co-chaired by Gerald Kosaki, a Hawaii County Fire Department battalion chief who oversees ocean safety, and Ralph Goto, retired administrator of Honolulu’s Ocean Safety and Lifeguard Services Division. 

 

“On one hand you have an activity rife with significant physical demands, then you exacerbate the situation by adding a new piece of inadequately vetted equipment with inherent design flaws,” Cooper said. “A perfect storm.”

Guy Cooper displays a full-face snorkeling mask like the one his wife was wearing when she drowned.

The 68-year-old retired nurse from Martinez, California, has also complained about significant gaps in data collection by government agencies.

He’s calling for a database that logs information about the equipment worn in each drowning so authorities can analyze it for dangerous trends, much the same way that the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration collects data to determine if a particular type of airbag is faulty in fatal car crashes.

He isn’t sure the Azorro mask his wife, Nancy Peacock, 70, bought on Amazon is the culprit. But he isn’t sure it’s not either.

And that’s why Cooper, and now a growing list of health and ocean safety officials in Hawaii, are looking at collecting the data necessary to better evaluate the product and possibly even conduct controlled scientific studies on it.

Some people who have tried the full-face masks, a next-era design in snorkeling, have complained that they leak and are difficult to remove quickly because of the heavier straps. Some have cited the potential for carbon dioxide to build up and cause fainting.

Cooper said a surfer found his wife floating on her back in Pohoiki Bay with the mask partially pulled up over her nose.

“That tells me she was in trouble and tried to get the damn thing off — too late,” he said.

Colin Yamamoto, Maui County’s Ocean Safety battalion chief, met with Cooper in January.

“What was intriguing to me is we have no data on these,” Yamamoto said. “It’s something we never thought about.”

Yamamoto has directed Maui County lifeguards to start documenting what type of snorkeling equipment was used in drownings.

Fire officials from the other counties are also moving in that direction.

“Maybe we can start individually with each jurisdiction keeping track of that,” Kosaki told the advisory committee. “We can’t make a policy saying, ‘yeah, we’re all going to keep track of it now,’ but I think each individual jurisdiction can make their own policy or procedures or try to keep a database.”

Hawaii County Battalion Chief Gerald Kosaki and officials from other counties have been receptive to Guy Cooper’s concerns about the policies for drowning incidents.

Kauai Ocean Safety Supervisor Kalani Vierra said the type of snorkeling equipment worn in a drowning is something county lifeguards on the Garden Island can include in their incident reports. He added that he will bring it up at a national conference for lifeguards later this year.

Honolulu Ocean Safety Chief of Operations Kevin Allen noted that in some drownings, the mask sinks to the ocean floor during the rescue and may not be recovered. But he was also open to the idea of tracking such information when it’s available.

Dan Galanis, state epidemiologist, told the committee there were at least 149 snorkeling-related deaths in Hawaii’s waters from 2006 to 2015. Of those, 137 were visitors.

“The reality is we really don’t have the data to say snorkeling is more risky,” he said. “Right now, all we can say is a lot of our visitors die doing it.”

Guy Cooper’s wife, Nancy Peacock, drowned in September at Pohoiki Bay on the Big Island.

Nathan Eagle/Civil Beat

A Civil Beat special project, “Dying For Vacation,” published in January 2016, found Hawaii’s visitor-drowning rate is 13 times the national average and 10 times the rate of Hawaii residents. Local water safety experts have cited Hawaii’s unique ocean conditions, insufficient messaging to caution the public and the health of the individual as contributing factors.

Cooper brought a full-face mask like the one his wife had to the meeting. Advisory committee members passed it around, some some of them seeing this type of mask for the first time and reacting with comments like, “I’d be claustrophobic” and “that’s weird.”

“All I ask is that you give serious consideration to the role of these new masks,” Cooper said. “Devote the resources to collect the data. Incorporate the data in incident reports and databases. Look for trends. Make the coroner aware of their use. Secure the gear as evidence. Only then will you truly be able to assess the risk.”

Cory Lum/Civil Beat

https://youtu.be/aWRgzIKau6w

Did PADI Keep Money And Not Issue Certifications?

JACKSONVILLE, Fla. – There is a consumer alert involving PADI (Professional Association of Diving Instructors) and a Jacksonville company that teaches people to dive.

According to the Better Business Bureau of Northeast Florida, as many as 180 people who paid hundreds of dollars through what they believed to be PADI and Groupon to take scuba lessons at Scuba Lessons Jax allegedly haven’t received their certification cards.

The warning comes after numerous complaints from customers poured in to the BBB about the alleged PADI/Scuba Lessons Jax deal.

Matt Hayes said he was looking for affordable scuba lessons and found PADI – Scuba Lessons Jax on Google.

“It was more affordable than the rest and there was no fee to rent gear,” Hayes said.

Hayes is now frustrated because he, like so many others, is complaining about not being able to get his diver’s certification card from PADI.

“They informed us after we passed the class, which was the weekend of Dec. 3, 2016, that it (certification card from PADI) would take three to four weeks to get to us, and it’s now March of 2017. What happened? I don’t know. I reached out to them at the end of January and could not get ahold of them, could not get ahold of the owner,” Hayes said.

But Hayes never got his card and is now out $399.

“If I could resolve this, I would like a refund or get my certification so I can be certified officially,” Hayes said.  It sounds like PADI needs to step up and either issue the certifications or help get Mr. Hayes and others their due refund.

PADI may have dropped the ball in issuing these certification cards as it can take a while for them to process c-cards when they are busy.  Also, PADI has supposedly gone through an ownership change not too long ago.  Maybe PADI’s systems are not as well functioning as they were before the ownership change?

Scuba Lessons Jax’s website is down for maintenance at the time of this article submission.  While searching Google for that website, we found this…

http://www.scubatampa.com/padi_sucks.html

https://www.change.org/p/padi-replace-cheryl-gilmore-or-have-her-examined

https://www.facebook.com/PADISux

https://padi.com

 

 

 

 

SCUBA When Older

Close to four decades before that final dive of her life, Charlene Burch was spending the last few days of the 1970s in a small village on the coast of the Honduran island of Roatan.

At night she would write letters to her parents back home in Plantation under the light of a lantern, while by day she and her future husband, Mark Weston, would ride out from the beach aboard a carved-out tree trunk, the tipsiest boat they’d ever been on, to fish and dive in the Caribbean Sea.

Her whole life was ahead of her.

Then came the dive off Jupiter on Jan. 21, 2017. She was surfacing with friends when she said she didn’t feel well.

Unbeknownst to her sister, Elaine Love-Stewart, of Plantation, Charlene had been diagnosed with a heart condition, AFib, or atrial fibrillation — essentially an irregular heartbeat that can lead to complications including heart failure and stroke. Her heart stopped multiple times after the dive. She was revived, but the resulting brain damage was significant, Love-Stewart said.

The end would come several days later in a hospital room surrounded by her family. She was 65.

Her death highlights the challenges arising in what experts say is the increasingly aging pursuit of scuba diving. These issues are especially relevant in the retiree-rich ocean playground of South Florida.

“There will be people who will say, ‘Well, if she had Afib, what was she doing diving, you know?’” said her sister Elaine Love-Stewart, of Plantation. “But this was her life. This was her love.”

Boom times

By the early 1980s, the baby boomers were out of college, working decent jobs and embracing the good life. Interest in scuba diving surged, and the industry enjoyed a popularity that hasn’t been matched before or since, said Tec Clark, associate director for Aquatics and Scuba Diving at Nova Southeastern University.

“This is the generation that grew up watching Lloyd Bridges in ‘Sea Hunt,’” Clark said.

But as the 1980s wore on, those same boomers were getting married and having families and progressing in their careers. With less time for leisure, interest in scuba diving, while still there, began to drop from its peak.

Now, fast forward almost 40 years, and there’s been something of a baby boomerang. The same people behind scuba’s surge in the early to mid 1980s are once again putting their masks and fins back on. The reasons: Retirement. Empty-nest syndrome. Mid-life crises. Major life changes. Discretionary income. An improving economy.

“The downside of them returning is that now they’re returning with some baggage that they didn’t have in the 1980s when they were just getting into scuba diving,” Clark said. “Usually, that baggage is health issues.”

The number one cause of medical-related dive fatalities, Clark noted, are cardiac events.

Statistically, scuba deaths are rare. According to the Divers Alert Network, a leading research and dive-safety organization, there are about 33 million scuba dives in the United States each year, with the fatality rate somewhere around two per 1 million dives. Because there are about 3 million scuba divers in the U.S., with each diver doing about 10 dives a year, the fatality rate works out to about two deaths per 100,000 recreational divers a year.

Experts say that given the inherent risks of diving, these are incredibly encouraging figures. By and large, divers are careful and deliberate. Precautions like diving with a buddy and not panicking no matter what are so baked into the diving culture that they’re not even questioned.

But still, as with all pursuits in life, things can go wrong.

“Diving in general is thought to be an aging sport,” said Peter Buzzacott, director of injury monitoring and prevention at the Divers Alert Network. “The age of the average diving fatality each year has been steadily climbing.”

Young people also scuba dive, but not as much as older divers, experts say. People under 40 don’t have as much time. There is also the cost factor.

Between 2010 and 2013, the Divers Alert Network tallied 561 deaths pertaining to recreational scuba diving. Of those, the organization, which relies on autopsy reports and other public records, was able to investigate 334 deaths.

In 82 percent of the fatalities, the deceased were men. Seventy-eight percent of the men and 90 percent of the women were 40 years old or older. Fifty-eight percent of the male victims and 59 percent of the female fatalities were 50 years or older.

“Drowning remains the most common cause of death but falls to second place behind cardiovascular disease as the leading disabling injury,” according to the DAN Annual Diving Report 2012-2015 Edition.

The network’s most recent annual report, which covers 2014, counted 68 dive fatalities in the U.S. and Canada. Eighty-four percent of the men and 69 percent of the women were 40 years or older. While drowning was the leading known cause of death, cardiac events were the second most-common known cause.

The Villages Scuba Club

At the Jupiter Dive Center, a 40-foot burpee named Republic IV is being loaded with scuba tanks and gear. It’s a perfect February morning in South Florida, with clear-blue skies and a nice breeze.

 The divers on board, members of The Villages Scuba Club, are all over 50. (The Villages is a retirement community northwest of Orlando with a population of over 150,000.)

Don Nelson, 73, one of the members on board, has been diving since 1974, when he was in his early 30s. He then had a “big gap” from 1978 until about 2005 while career and family obligations took over. He’s glad to be back and is co-president of the scuba club.

“When you go into an office and you see an aquarium, you look at it, it calms you,” Nelson said. “It’s even better if you’re in it and part of the aquarium.”

Madeline Helbock, 72, the other co-president of the scuba club, has been diving for 17 years. She said that when the club started in 2001, it had four members. Now they number about 150. On this day trip, there are 11 divers from the club.

“We all work out, we all go to the gym, we all go the doctor’s every six months to make sure that we’re OK,” Helbock said.

After the dive, when the Republic IV is back at the dock and the members of the club are loading their cars for the three-hour drive back to The Villages, the members talk about being divers in their golden years.

“I would say being retired is a big giant part of that,” said Grace Steck, 54, who dives along with husband Gary, 58, both members of the dive club. “In our working day, we wouldn’t have the time to do this, other than a vacation, but now every day is a Saturday for us.”

The Stecks said they work out regularly at the gym and fortunately don’t have any serious health concerns. “That being said, our doctors are definitely aware that we dive,” said Gary, 58.

Jim Taylor, 65, started diving in 1990. “It was just something in me,” he said, explaining how he got interested in scuba diving while living in Ohio. “The ocean spoke to me.”

Charlene Burch Weston, the diver who died off Jupiter, also heard the ocean’s call, and on a recent Saturday she would return there.

A boat stopped near a reef where she liked to dive, and Charlene’s son John poured her ashes into the water while other family members threw flowers and said their farewells, according to Love-Stewart.

For about 15 minutes, the boat circled the site slowly as Charlene Weston’s remains became one with the water she loved so much.

[email protected], 954-254-8533 or Twitter @BrettClarkson_

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